Conflict Between Indonesian Student Movement

"Konflik Antar Gerakan Mahasiswa Indonesia"

Conflict Between Indonesian Student Movement 

Background to the Conflict Between Student MovementConflicts student movement began to be felt when President Sukarno began to impose a system of guided democracy by mobilizing and political socialization political manifesto or the " Manifesto " . Manifold was happening at all levels of government , armed forces , political organizations and mass organizations . Moreover Persiden Soekarno with container NASAKOM ( Nationalist , Religious, Communist ) seeks to unite the political forces of different and conflicting ideological and political . This is used by PKI to enter any government agencies , State Owned Enterprises , Public Agencies and even the Armed Forces . For those who do not agree with the thinking of President Sukarno regarded as anti- revolutionary .To disseminate his Manifesto , President Soekarno pay great attention to college with hopes of birth cadres of the revolution that MANIPOList true . In 1961 , President Sukarno gave the command to "me - Manifesto - it " world of higher education and is followed by the establishment of the Ministry of Higher Education and Science ( PTIP ) in the ranks of his cabinet . Prof . Dr. . Mr . Iwa Kusumasumantri appointed as the first Minister of PTIP (1961-1962) with the aim to master students and university . According to Aldy Anwar ( Engineering Physics student ITB ) , the Guided Democracy period there has been a " Mastery students through nasakomisasi , manipolisasi , militarization in order to be jockeying for influence between Sukarno , Political Parties ( PKI ) , and the Army " .Guided Democracy era must be an excellent student dabbling in the world of Indonesian politics . Students admitted into the political and social power values ​​, traditions , and norms have been abandoned by the academic students who feel themselves " progressive revolutionary " . As a result of academic quality deteriorated rapidly and suffered a setback in all areas . Politicization of students with container more so when the student organization will approach the 1955 election diadakanya . Political parties seek to influence the youth , students , and college students to win the election .To get the support of the youth , students , and college students , political parties formed a student organization affiliated with a political party destination . PNI founded the Indonesian Student Movement ( GMNI ) on March 22, 1954 , forming NU NU Student Association , Indonesian Socialist Party ( PSI ) form the Socialist Youth Movement ( GPS ) later established itself as the Socialist Student Movement ( GEMSOS ) . PKI also not spared establish student organizations , but they do not move openly . They infiltrate his people into non-communist student organization , influence , and gradually the organization can be controlled . After emerging into four major parties in the 1955 elections , forming PKI communist student organization that is Consentrasi Indonesian Student Movement ( CGMI ) in 1956 . While Masjumi quite satisfied with the Muslim Students Association ( HMI ) as sympathizers . Though HMI along with PMKRI and GMKI an independent student organization that having religious .2 . Conflict Between Students With Student religious Communist - NationalistConflicts that occurred during the Guided Democracy as an indication of ideological principle of student organizations . At that time , the conflict is dominated by Islamic student organizations namely the Islamic Students Association ( HMI ) with Consentrasi Indonesian Student Movement ( CGMI , read : PKI ) . The problem begins when Subandrio proposed to the President to dissolve the HMI in 1962 . Proposal for HMI disbanded because it was considered counterrevolutionary ideology and reject NASAKOM .PKI perform a variety of ways in order to force political opponents were completely destroyed . HMI acquired pressure not only from the PKI , but onderbouwnya like CGMI and BTI also helped to pressure . Pressure is given in the form of terror against youth and student organizations such as Kanigoro events . Events Kanigoro a resistance movement made ​​by PII ( Indonesian Islamic Student ) by holding Mental Training for cadres who organized the Governing PII PII East Java . Mental Training organized by PII getting interference from Uryadi with 3000 members BTI ( Barisan Tani Indonesia) , and the People's Youth ( organization substructure PKI ) , after their morning prayers with the residents Kanigoro . This incident occurred on January 13, 1965 , in the village of Kanigoro , District Loud , Kediri .At that time the HMI accused of being terrorists , CIA agents , henchmen BPS , Manikebu , counterrevolutionaries , and reactionary . Pressures faced by the HMI can be classified by the community first , a group of politicians conducted by the Minister Subandrio , DN Aidit , secondly , by Prof. academics . Dr. . Ernest Utrecht SH ; Third , among the students by Concentrasi Indonesian Student Movement ( CGMI ) ; fourth , the press such as Daily Ra'jat , Sulindo , Eastern Star , and the Warta Bhakti . The political party that openly wants dibubaran HMI is PKI . The first trials were made ​​feud became Secretary of the taper is when the UB Faculty of Law Jember Branch ( now the University of Jember ) , Prof. . Dr. . Ernest Utrecht S.H. in June 1964 to the HMI accusations that the organization was involved in a PRRI / Permesta , anti - Sukarno , and anti - Pancasila .HMI Jember Branch who felt maligned by the lecturers and they do not stay silent through the Student Council in order to give lectures again Utrecht prohibited . Pros and cons arise among students , and then spreading among the youth , and communities on the Student Council resolutions between the forces of communist and non-communist . Also, Utrecht has touched the community Jember ( Muslim majority ) of the honor of Islam. Moreover Utrecht often discredit Islam in the lecture . The problem became a national issue and to resolve it should be no interference president . Finally President Sukarno issued Presidential Instruction No. . 08/Instr/th . July 4, 1964 , which read:1 . Immediately move Utrecht from UB ,2 . Requested the Minister Hubra / Illumination to take steps to curb HMI .Consequently Jember Branch HMI frozen until 13 August 1965. Of the students who did the bullying that dissolved HMI GMNI ( PKI compromised persons ) , CGMI , the People Youth , and Youth Marhaenis . Pressure is also done by the press affiliated with the PKI ( mentioned above ) and HMI accused did terrorism in various regions in Java . Because the pressure is not balanced , making Muslims are united and ready to fight for HMI in order not to be disbanded . Support was also addressed by GEMUIS ( Islamic Youth Movement ) September 13, 1965 and said it would defend to the death HMI .3 . Konfik Student Movement in Various RegionsConflict between the student movement does not only occur at the time of the PKI still exist , but after the events of 30th September movement . Most of those who carried out the attack is still something to do with the PKI . Unilateral actions undertaken by the PKI is the test of mental strength PKI without considering the losses and the interests of others. They want the land should belong to the government or the landlord, by they considered theirs and courageous fight against security forces . All these unilateral actions intended that the PKI courage to face his political opponents by using its substructure .Events Surabaya , March 8, 1965 , when the Daily Labor Torch Revolution ( newspaper NU ) Surabaya does not print anymore . At 7:00 p.m. to 21:00 pm , about 1,000 people screw up and told the workers to print Daily Brantas Torch Revolution . After the demonstration apparently not confirmed 1000 but only 20 people, led by H. Taharuddin . H. Taharuddin HMI also admitted non-members , but members of Nahdlatul Ulama Party in Kediri .Events Baciro , Yogyakarta which occurred on 20 November 1966 an attack by Youth Marhaenis as approximately 30 people at the Branch Office Pengok Kidul Muhammadiyah Youth in Road Pengok Kidul 17 . Later that day , throwing mob attacked and boarding PHIN Jalan Melati 4 by using rocks , causing damage . They also did the siege and threatened boarder Gambir 4 , as well as banning the people out of the dormitory .They also do the same thing in the whole region and resulted in the victim Baciro namely : Leo Mulyadi ( members of Muhammadiyah Youth / KKPPI ) , Muhammad Imron ( member of HMI / WE ) , Basuki ( members PII / WE ) , Sadadan Arabia ( members WE ) , Murdjan ( member of HMI / WE ) , Abdul Gafar and Arselan ( member of HMI / WE ) , and Nan Supriatno Rachmad ( members PII / WE ) .Bandung Branch HMI board in the face of terror waged by the forces of the old order support in various places , such as in Jakarta , Yogyakarta , Malang , Medan , and in other areas . Terrors committed by supporters of the old order should be punished strictly and should be transparent both procedure and outcome . This is done so as not to give freedom to the forces of the old order / PKI to perform chaos and terror again .